I’ve been studying Ogham for my divination spiral, but I’m becoming more and more interested in oracle card decks. I avoid tarot because my husband’s the tarot guy - while I enjoy it and am not too bad at doing tarot readings, if I have an issue that I want to work with that way, I go to my resident live-in tarot expert. I started getting interested in non-tarot oracle decks a few years ago with this one:

It’s based on the story of the voyage of Maelduin and has some really wonderful images. Each card is based on one of the islands Maelduin’s crew encounter. As an oracle, it leads to extended dreamlike readings that don’t make a whole lot of sense right away but which over time and with thought become clear. I found this frustrating at first because I felt like I was getting nonsense readings, but with use I got to know how to work with it. I use it for questions having to do with initiations or transitions but not for anything with hard practical edges, because for me that’s how it works best. The art is odd and dreamlike, which is fitting, but not particularly pretty. I don’t use it very often because sadly it’s printed on very flimsy card stock and I fear that once it wears out I won’t be able to get another one.

Druid Animal Oracle Deck
Philip Carr-Gomm

This deck is fast becoming my everyday workhorse of an oracle. I can ask it anything and get a clear, sensible answer. It’s very down-to-earth and practical. The illustrations are rich and gorgeous. I’m looking forward to the companion Druid Plant Oracle, coming out soon. I’m very happy to hear that it will be on the same size card stock as the Animal deck, so the two can be shuffled together. These two together might very well become my divination technique of choice for a long time to come. I also use the cards as altar pieces - each new moon I pick a new card at random to go on my altar to think about over the coming cycle. Right now there are three of them out - the Owl because I’m working with Blodeuwedd at this time, the Seal because Blodeuwedd led me to the Selkie story and I’m working with that as well, and the Hawk because I drew that one at random. They are beautiful enough to stand as little art pieces on their own.

The Faeries' Oracle
Brian Froud

The Froud Faeries’ Oracle is easily the most beautiful oracle deck I’ve ever seen. I find the book that goes with it not to be very useful but that doesn’t seem to matter at all. The images speak for themselves. I only just got this last month and have not done any very in-depth work with it, but I have been doing some extremely in-depth Faerie work lately and I will probably get to know it much better soon. I don’t see it being as practical for me as Philip Carr-Gomm’s deck, but I suspect that what it lacks in practicality it will make up for in intensity. It seems to be an intense kind of oracle.

The Celtic Tree Oracle is a deck of ogham cards. The artwork is pretty but not particularly interesting, and I’ve been using it as a stand-in for a wood ogham set. I haven’t been able to find or make a wooden set yet (I am sorely tempted by some of these, though) so the Tree Oracle cards have been serving as a sort of study aid. They are wearing out very quickly, but then, I’m using them almost every day as part of my studies.

 Mr. Nettle and I just bought ourselves a present. We got a six-foot wooden fence to go around our backyard. This weekend, we’ll add some trelliswork that will take it up to eight feet, and we’re going to plant vines that will cover it all. This is a wonderful thing for me, because it means I finally have some private space outdoors. Where I live, going outdoors alone late at night is not a good idea unless you have a really big dog, which I don’t. Now I have a place that feels safe and private. It’s not really private, because the neighbors are right there on all sides and have windows that easily look down into the yard, but that’s not so bad. If they’re going out of their way to spy on me, it’s their problem, not mine. I don’t mind being seen as the crazy hippie chick, so long as I’m left alone, and the fence will really help with being left alone.  It’s going to be my own little temple back there, and it will be so well warded and safe that any intruders with ill intent will get mugged by fairies the minute they set foot inside the gate. The locked gate.

We did our first ceremony out there in honor of Alban Eiler. We lit a fire in our little fire pit and I got to wear my spiffy new robe and we did a nice quiet ceremony and ritually sacrificed a chocolate bunny. Dove dark chocolate bunnies are really good. It was mostly a calm and subdued little ritual, just me and the mr., but at the very end just when I was closing the grove, a wind came up and for a moment I felt like this (linked because I don’t know about the copyright on the image and I’m sensitive about that sort of thing.)

This was unexpectedly hard to write and took far more self-examination than I thought it would. I was reluctant to post it because it all seems a bit too personal to be exposing like this. I’m not sure why I feel that way. Anyone who knows me well enough to know me as the author of this blog already knows most of this, at least as a broad outline. Anyone who doesn’t know me that well is welcome to all of this; there’s nothing here I can find any reason to want to conceal. I have actually concealed a great deal, as far as details go, and there are some very important life events that go completely unmentioned here. There’s nothing here that is dishonest or untrue, just some None of Your Business bits that have been left out. So if I’ve left out all the parts that are too personal, why do I feel weird about having this all in one place? I have no idea. It’s long enough that only a small number of people will read it through anyway, and you all know me already, so - so what? Here’s My Life Until Now.

All through high school, I worked at various stables and for private horse owners doing all the kinds of chores that need doing around horses. All I really wanted was to be around horses all day, and as someone with absolutely no money, the only way for me to do that was to shovel a lot of poo. I didn’t mind; horses were the best thing in my life and I like doing barn chores, even the difficult messy kind (except haying. If you ask me to bale and stack hay I will grumble and whine like a five-year-old. I’ll do it, but everyone will know that I don’t like it.) I like the simple rhythm of farm work and the company of animals.

After leaving high school I continued with that. There’s a form of indentured servitude that is common among horse trainers that I went to wholeheartedly. In return for my room, board, a very meager cash pittance and five lessons a week from an international-level dressage rider, I joined the staff of a boarding and training stable in Vermont. This job, or others like it (I didn’t always get that quality of instruction, alas, but I did eventually manage to get paid a little more) was my life for the next six years. I call it a “job” but it was more than that; it really was my life. That’s part of the deal. I lived it full-time, from morning feeding at six am to final night check at 10 pm. Any emergencies that arose at any time, I was there for. I had one day off a week, which sometimes I took and sometimes didn’t.

Some might wonder at this point why I went into pony-slavery rather than to college, considering the fact that I enjoy academic work. The short answer is money. I had none. My parents had none, and were not inclined to assist me in any way. I got the clear message once I turned eighteen that I’d gotten my share of room and board and that it was time to move on. It’s not possible to get financial aid to go to college unless you can get your parents to sign the paperwork, and they wouldn’t even do that (yeah, still a little bitter about that) and the high school guidance counselor let me know in no uncertain terms that I was “not college material” in spite of my good grades and spectacular SAT scores because I had no money and no potential for family support. I put college on the shelf of things I wanted but couldn’t have, like perfect skin or middle-class privilege, and let it go in order to do the things that I could do. It wasn’t all as smooth as the last paragraph might have made it out to be; there were times when I had no home to go to and no idea where my next meal was coming from, and my commitment to farm life was at least in part a flight to a form of security. If I worked hard, I would get fed and housed, and that was a good-enough bargain for me.

When I was living on the farm, I had no TV and a limited social life (I had one good friend and a few boyfriends during those years but nothing that lasted or proved all that absorbing) and total access to my trainer’s personal library, which was heavily weighted towards Enlightenment-era philosophy and eighteenth-century literature, which was a new genre for me, and the public library, which in that town was very good. I read my way through all of it. I think it was the closest I have ever come to monasticism, and it suited me very well. I continued studying nineteenth and early twentieth-century occultism. I actually read parts of “The Secret Doctrine,” and, really, who actually reads Blavatsky? I did! I read all the Dion Fortune I could, which was a surprising amount considering how limited my resources were. I also discovered some of the more modern strains of occultism and for the first time started to think of myself as having a religion. There was a limited sort of pagan scene in town, and while I didn’t have the time or the inclination to get to know a lot of people or involve myself too much in their work, I got to go to a few public rituals and bounce ideas off of adults who were involved in a serious religion, rather than the kids playing dress-up that I had known up until then. It was refreshing. I think they saw me as a goofy kid, which I was, and didn’t really know what to do with me because while I was genuinely interested in learning from any elders I could find, I was usually better-read than they were and managed to be both awkwardly naïve and gratingly superior at the same time. (I still do that a little. Maybe.) So I mostly kept my path to myself. I was outdoors all the time and knew the acreage of the farm where I worked intimately – I knew where the brooks and springs and ponds were, where the birds nested, where the deer ate – intimacy with landscape is something that I do by habit. I read Michael Harner and figured out that what he called a shamanic journey was something that I had been doing all along. I remember taking breaks from work to lay in the grass with horses munching all around me and the flies buzzing and going on little trips into the green. I studied tarot. I deepened my inner connections. I found Marija Gimbutas and through her, the modern Goddess movement. All these threads and connections seemed to run parallel for me, rather than linking together. I was learning and experiencing constantly, and yet the whole thing felt confused to me.

I am a very self-confident and self-aware person by nature. I’m quiet and sometimes shy around people I don’t know, and this can be mistaken for a lack of confidence, but it is absolutely a mistake to think that the fact that I am terrible at small talk means I am in any way timid or fearful. I like me. I trust me. I trust my knowledge and my instincts. While this habit of personality has generally been a good thing, it made it hard for me to find a coherent pagan identity. It’s a well-known fact the 90% of everything is crap, and I refused to accept the crap, even if it came from Big Names (like, oh, Harner or Gimbutas.) I had the natural arrogance of youth, and I could back it up with citations. I desperately wanted to find a group or a path or anything that corresponded with what I knew in my heart I needed my religion to be, but all I kept finding were people doing something completely different from what I was looking for. Instead, I continued to make it up from my own experiences and research. It worked, as it still does, but I wanted community and I had none.

On my 21st birthday, I started to find it. My horsey career and some weird machinations from my incomprehensible family eventually led me to rural Pennsylvania, where I met a girl who was to become one of my closest friends (Hi, if you’re reading this!) We went to the PA Renaissance Faire as a treat for my birthday, and that’s where I met the gypsies.

OK, they weren’t really gypsies and I know it’s not a polite term and all that, but that was their shtick. They were like a mini psychic fair in amongst the actors and jesters and dazed, wandering patrons. Their leader, the boss of the concession, was a real tarot reader. Instead of being all intuitive over the pictures on the cards and rattling off some vague impressions picked up from Eden Gray books, like most of the readers I had known up until then, he had actually studied and applied serious knowledge of the underlying system. He knew what he was doing, and he was picky about who worked for him. His gypsies were an unusual bunch, to say the least, but one thing they all shared was a commitment to the work they were doing. They really wanted to help people and saw what they were doing as a craft and a service. All of my current really close friends came as a result of my contact with that group. I immediately started dating one of them (not the one I eventually married, but that’s skipping ahead) and they became my social circle and my teachers.

After a few summers of hanging out with the gypsies and absorbing what I could from them, I started to take a look at my own career path and realized that horse-girl was not a long-term career. I looked at people who did what I was doing, who like me had no family money behind them, who were ten years older than me, and realized that I didn’t want to be that. No security, no health insurance, and multiple physical problems from too much hard work with large animals – they usually had some kind of substance abuse problem and lived dysfunctional lives. I had noticed this before, of course, but was young enough to think it didn’t apply to me. I got old enough to realize that it could, and that scared me. I decided to change course.

My (not really a) gypsy boyfriend lived in Philadelphia, and I decided it might be time to give urban life a shot. I was also old enough by now to be able to sign my own FAFSA, so I moved to the city, got a job at a bookstore, and enrolled part-time in the Community College of Philadelphia. I had no clear goals with school except that I liked taking classes and could do so almost for free at CCP. I still believed in some part of myself that I “wasn’t college material” and that classes were nothing more than recreational.

Being in the city allowed me to do some exploration on my spiritual path. There was a Tibetan Buddhist center near my house that I began attending on a regular basis. I loved it and started to think of myself as a Buddhist. Buddhism offered a level of depth and tradition that was missing for me in Paganism. I loved the meditation practices and the colorful art and the rituals of the Tibetans. I can still rattle off a hundred-syllable mantra to Vajrasattva.

I worked for a short time at a New Age bookstore. I was mildly curious about New Agers with their angels and crystals and channeling and all, and the store was associated with a yoga center that allowed employees to attend yoga classes for free. I loved the classes and enjoyed some of my co-workers, but the months that I spent there were enough to sour me on the New Age for good. Pagans could be wacky and Buddhists could be too serious, but New Agers in general were the shallowest, most self-obsessed, horrible people I had ever known (which is saying a lot, considering the wealthy equestrians I have worked with). Orthorectic yoga queens who nurtured their neuroses like beloved children. Sensitive New Age Guys who wielded their vulnerability like a club. Noveau riche social climbers who thought that spirituality could be bought and sold. Acid casualties who thought impassioned self-indulgence was the same thing as art. The opportunists who clung to and fed off of all of them. Unfortunately, this also tainted my experience of Buddhism. I tried to dissociate the two, but I couldn’t help noticing how pricey the various retreats and such were and how superior the people who had been on the expensive retreats and could afford to buy all the Dharma toys marketed to American Buddhists acted towards me. I was a young, poor and earnest seeker. I wasn’t looking for anything more than enlightenment. It was like being the girl who goes to the superfancy gym in old sweatpants because all she really wants to do is work out, while all the other women there knew that it was really about showing off who had the most expensive gym clothes and the tightest butt. The Tibetans themselves never for a moment made me feel this way and my teacher was always encouraging and complimentary towards me, but I found myself feeling more and more distanced from the other Westerners who attended the center.

By now, I was just confused. I kept up my Buddhist practices because I liked them, but I didn’t find the deep sense of connection with those gods that I felt with the Western deities. I found modern Pagan practices, which in my experience at that point were mostly Cunningham-style pseudo-Wicca, to be shallow and ineffective compared to what Buddhism offered. I still thought of myself as Pagan but felt frustrated by the limits I experienced in actually doing Paganism. I think, in retrospect, it was a social rather than a religious problem. I knew the gods. I knew how to look to them and how to create a practice for myself. I just didn’t think of it as real or significant because it didn’t match what I saw other people doing.

Then I went to Starwood for the first time and started to figure it out. (We’re up to 1999 now, for those keeping score at home.) Starwood is a big Pagan festival that happens every summer the week of my birthday in upstate New York. By this time, I had parted ways amicably with my boyfriend and taken up with another from the same social circle, the Tarot master from the Ren Faire. We had both been through all sorts of ups and downs in the years we’d known each other and stayed friends through it all, and suddenly it just occurred to us both one spring equinox that we belonged together. So we were. It’s still working. Anyway, when we started going out he insisted on taking me to Starwood. I had perhaps the most fun I had ever had in my entire life up to that point. More importantly, I finally met the “real” Pagans that I had been convinced were out there all along. I experienced rituals, both public and private, from various traditions. I met people whose names I only had known from books, heard lectures, asked questions. Intelligent, down-to-earth, fun, wise, silly, spiritual, gorgeous Pagans. And I was one of them. When we went again the next year, we got handfasted.

Around the same time, I discovered the work of Susun Weed and finally got myself a spiritual teacher that I could relate to. The Tibetans were wonderful but alien. The writers were all just words on pages. Susun is someone I could be when I grow up, if I was more badass and wise. She taught that herbalism is all about getting out in the sunshine and the rain and getting the dirt and the sap under your fingernails and smelling like earth and dandelion milk and getting stung by nettles and caught on raspberry thorns. It’s not pills in jars or standardized extracts or something that happens in a lab; it’s what you do when you get out there and make friends and allies with plants on their own terms. It was a kind of wisdom I knew from my time in the forest as a kid, but brought into adult awareness.

My new man owned his own house and, though not exactly wealthy, was financially secure enough that I could live with him without working. I continued to work for a while because I wasn’t comfortable with that, but the retail book trade is not a career and I still wanted the college thing. One day one of my professors asked to meet with me. He asked me, “What do you want to do with your future?”
I hemmed and hawed and said something about wanting to study psychology since it seemed interesting and was a steady career. He gave me this raised-eyebrow look that I adore him for to this day and said, “No, I asked you, what do you want to do? Really want to do?”
I said, without even thinking, “I want to be an archeologist.”
“There,” he said, “was that so hard to admit? OK, there are a couple of good schools in the area for that, which one do you want to go to?”
Remembering the raised eyebrow, I told him the truth. I thought it was far out of my league academically and financially, and that he would laugh and suggest something a few notches down. “OK,” he said. “Get the application materials together and I’ll write you a recommendation. That’s exactly the right place for you.”

So I applied to go to my dream school to study my dream subject. I got in and I got the financial aid I needed. Between the good words from my CCP profs and the stability of having a roof over my head and food on my table provided by my husband-to-be, I was finally able to go to school full-time. It happened just like that, just from finally telling someone who was in a position to help the truth about what I wanted. I didn’t actually major in archeology. Within two weeks I changed over to classical studies because then I could just take Greek classes all the time, and we had a classics professor who was an expert on ancient magic and Orphism and I wanted to pick his brains more than the archeologist’s brains. Archeology was more technical than I wanted it to be. What I really wanted to do was read, and I got to do a whole lot of that. I spent some very happy years at a beautiful school for rich nerdy girls and eventually graduated with a degree in classical literature and an archaeology minor.

In the meantime, I started taking belly dance classes and wound up forming a women’s spirituality group with half of my class. We met once a month for ritual and study. It was my first experience at facilitating a group like that, and I really liked it. It helped that we all were in the same dance class (and the teacher was a member as well) so we often did movement-oriented ritual. It was great. It broke up after about a year in the way that I was to learn these groups tended to do, not with any great drama but just with quiet drift as people’s lives changed. It set the pattern for what I came to look for in a spiritual group. Small enough to be intimate but large enough for diversity, with leadership as a constantly shifting role shared throughout the group rather than a central authority, and true earnestness of spiritual seeking without egotistic competition. This is what I still see as the true heart of Pagan practice - small, personal, honest groups of people working side-by-side with respect and patience with one another. This personal creation of religious practice, constantly evolving and shifting and changing, but centered around a basic equilibrium of love for “earth our mother and all goodness.”

I’m getting a bit close to the recent past here - this is still five years ago, but I’m getting close. There were two other groups after the dance group before I found Druidry, both with similar patterns of forming and un-forming though each with their own unique focus, one specifically focused on the Greek pantheon and one that became a sort of a teaching group, though I refused to call myself “teacher.” I kept going to Pagan gatherings and finding a stronger identity within the community each time. Finding Druidry gave me a name for my path and led me to my latest group, Darach Dubh, but that’s all chronicled within the time frame of this blog.

In the comments for the first half of this story, a couple of people noted that “conversion” wasn’t the right word for what many Pagans describe. “Homecoming” was suggested as a better term, and I have to agree with that. Most of us have known all along what we were and wanted to be, but like I often was, didn’t know how to go about it or what to call it. I’m getting more comfortable was the years go by with not calling it anything in particular, but I’m really glad to have found the Druid community and to be part of them.

I wrote most of this before I saw Mahud’s call for a synchroblog on the subject of landscape. I wasn’t going to post it, but then I saw the synchroblog and decided that maybe I should. It is, like my previous post, autobiographical, concerning something that happened many years ago, but it’s also about how I feel in my life right now.In the summer of my 14th year, I got lost in the woods for a night. Spending a night in the woods wasn’t that unusual for me; I grew up in the middle of a national forest and spent more time out in the woods than I did anywhere else, including school or home. My parents had problems of their own at that time and rarely noticed if I didn’t come home, and if things got really bad at home and it was summertime, I would throw some food and a sweater in a bag and head out. I loved those woods - I still do. They feel like safety and refuge and home, and all the spirits there know me.

It wasn’t unusual, as I said, for me to spend the night outside. It was unusual for me not to do so on purpose - it only happened the one time. I hardly ever got lost. This time, I did. I was out wandering, far from a trail, and it got dark sooner than I had expected (it was late summer and that starts to happen then.) I soon found myself with nothing but the clothes on my back, in the dark, unsure of the way home.

I didn’t panic but it did make me nervous. I had lost track of how far I had come or which way I was going, and I knew that if I struck off in the wrong direction there was a hundred miles of trees and mountains ahead. I had no food with me (fortunately there is plenty of clean water up there) and I didn’t want to get more lost, so I found a sheltered spot and dug in for the night. When the sun came up, I found a high point and sighted on the mountains - I knew the names of all the mountains around me and which direction they were from home, so it wasn’t hard to figure out which way to go once I could see them. I took a sighting and headed off in roughly the right direction, but the terrain was very hilly and rocky and I was a little bit off. After an hour or two I started to recognize where I was, and the river was where I expected it to be, so I felt a little better. I crossed the river and as I scrambled up the other side of the riverbank I knew right where I was. I came into a clearing with an old apple orchard, part of a farm that had been abandoned for decades. I had explored this spot before and already knew it well, and it was just the right time for some early apples. I was ravenous, so I found a welcoming tree, climbed a little way up, and found some lovely apples that were a little hard and sour but perfect for someone who hadn’t eaten since lunch the day before. I sat in the tree and ate apples and enjoyed the morning and felt perfectly safe and well-fed, not to mention very relieved that I was only a few miles from my house.

I had almost forgotten about that. The other night, doing an Avalonian meditation exercise, I walked into that apple orchard, in midmorning in August, and suddenly felt swamped by that feeling of safety and satiety and that sense of being loved and protected by the land itself that I had felt on that morning after being lost. I went and sat under the tree and closed my eyes and enjoyed it. This feeling of coming home to safety is something I want very much right now.

I’ve been trying for years to find that feeling in my current landscape, though it’s very different. I’ve been failing at it. I almost feel a spark of connection with the river that runs through this city near my house, and with the cemetery with its herd of deer that is closest thing to green space that I have to wander in. It’s there, but it’s very faint, like a far-off melody that you can almost make out. When I’m in the woods near my real home, it’s more like a symphony, and it’s one that I’m part of.

I don’t have a conversion story. Other pagans always seem to have one – the standard narrative involves the teller seeking a change, either consciously or unconsciously, and stumbling across the book, person, website – some piece of information that solved the puzzle, satisfied the seeker, and created a convert. The standard story involves a conventional upbringing, perhaps some involvement with mainstream religion that leads to a combination of longing and dissatisfaction, or a lack of involvement that leads to the same thing. There’s the revelation, the moment of realization that there are real practitioners of pagan religion and that these practices bring fulfillment.

There’s a satisfying narrative arc to the story. When we first meet each other, the conversion story is almost always a topic of conversation. It’s like our secret handshake or something, and I don’t have one. All I can really say is something like “I’ve always been this way.” I can say something vague about having books by Gardner and Crowley, not to mention Tolkien and Froud, around the house when I was a kid and absorbing a certain mindset as part of my upbringing, though that has led to people imagining all kinds of lurid things about being raised in a coven of witches or something, which is not at all true. They seem to need something more dramatic than that. My lack of a pagan conversion story often confuses people who are looking for some kind of handle for me.

 

Here’s my story. I was a precocious and voracious reader. If it was text and it was in my house, it got read, whether I understood it or not. The first important book I remember reading was “The Secret Garden.” The Secret Garden had the important idea that nature was the source of magic and sacredness. I wanted to be Dickon and wander the moors and have animals follow me around – I could think of no better life, except for me it was woods rather than moors. I had no clear idea of what a moor actually was – I imagined it as sort of a large field. I would have been maybe five years old when I read that. I don’t recall if it struck me as important because it was a new and interesting idea to me or because it resonated with something I already knew by instinct. I suspect it was the latter but it’s too far back in time for me to be sure. I just remember that it was important and described something about life that I wanted for myself.

 

As far back as that, I remember being fascinated by the past. I remember being about that age and reading about the evolution of the horse (I did, and still do, adore horses) and trying to wrap my mind around that timescale and having nightmares as a result. It was awe-inspiring and terrifying to me that the very bit of land that I stood on had a history beyond anything I could imagine. That one still gets to me, though it no longer keeps me up at night. That concept was followed by another one, that of an unseen world all around. This idea was reinforced by everything I read of either science or fantasy. Brian Froud’s “Faeries” fascinated and terrified me just as much as evolutionary biology.

In second grade, I declared my intention to be an archaeologist. My grandmother, bless her heart, responded to this by giving me a copy of the “Golden Bough” for my birthday (she was the same one who gave me “The Secret Garden.”) I also read “Lord of the Rings” around this time. They made a great combination.

I was raised by Mother-Earth-News reading, compost-making, goat-milking hippies in the middle of the woods in northern New England. I had total freedom to roam the woods, and I spent most of my time doing that. I had no friends my own age (as you can imagine) so I spent my time out in the woods, reading age-inappropriate books. I loved Tolkien, not so much as a story – the story was much to big for me to actually absorb at that age – but as an atmosphere. I loved the Shire and totally sympathized with the hobbitish love for the land. I longed to be on a quest that took me far overland, on a pony, of course, to go meet elves. So I spent lots of time in the woods doing that. It’s funny what happens to a kid who reads Froud and Frazier and then goes off looking for faeries. They tend to show up. The woods were totally alive. That forest in particular still is. The trees know me and love me. I never had a desire to “get closer to nature” – the idea would have been absurd, like getting closer to my own skin. I still don’t know how to answer people when they say that paganism is about “getting closer to nature.” Um, it’s right here. You can’t get any closer than you are right now.

 

I mentioned Gardner and Crowley earlier. I wasn’t interested in them yet – the books were around and I was aware of them but did not find them absorbing or even comprehensible. I guess I was twelve or so when they started looking interesting. I read “Diary of a Drug Fiend” and felt as though I had fallen into a different yet keenly familiar world. I read more Crowley, and then found Dion Fortune’s novels, which were even more familiar and gave me an ideal to aspire to. I wanted to be a priestess. That aspiration has also never left me, though it’s worked out better than being Dickon or an archaeologist has. I spent most of junior high school in the Victorian era. I loved Sherlock Holmes, was obsessed with Oscar Wilde, thought Crowley’s poetry was spectacular (ok, I got over that) and tried to figure out how to initiate myself into the Golden Dawn. This was all pre-internet, so I had no idea yet how to find current practitioners, but I never doubted they were out there and assumed that I would find them someday. I got my first deck of tarot cards and felt like I had found something deep, true and useful

 

Socially, I was a disaster. If I tried to talk about the things that I was really interested in, people thought I was crazy or lying or boasting, and if I tried to pretend to be interested in what other kids were interested in I looked transparently fake (actually, I still tend to have this problem but I’ve gotten a better pool of friends since then). I was okay with that as long as I was left alone, which mostly I was, but by high school I was getting sick of it. Fortunately, by then Scott Cunningham was just on the scene and suddenly I had something I could talk to other people about. I was really good at reading tarot cards and had gathered all this esoteric knowledge from the books I read, combined with my deep experiences with nature. Suddenly I had a very nerdy hook. I went to the larger regional high school, and there were other girls who had read Cunningham and decided that they were witches, and we all got to wear pentacles and drive down to Salem on the weekends and burn incense and candles and play with Ouija boards together. There were kids who thought they were vampires. There were role-playing games. It was fun, and while I still found it kind of shallow and not quite what I meant at all when I tried to talk about magic, it was something, anyway. We were still pre-Internet (we’re talking late ‘80’s by now), so we still had the luxury of feeling daring and unusual.

 

(part 2 - adulthood - to follow)

 

For the Third Annual Brigid in Cyberspace Poetry Reading , a poem by Jane Kenyon

February: Thinking of Flowers

Now wind torments the field,
turning the white surface back
on itself, back and back on itself,
like an animal licking a wound.

Nothing but white–the air, the light;
only one brown milkweed pod
bobbing in the gully, smallest
brown boat on the immense tide.

A single green sprouting thing
would restore me. . . .

Then think of the tall delphinium,
swaying, or the bee when it comes
to the tongue of the burgundy lily.

Jane Kenyon

“The Mother . . . at Imbolc is still with us, protecting, holding us through the process of change. There are times when the steps we take through our fears must be taken alone. But, yes, we begin at Imbolc, rebirthed from the darkness. And we return to the Mother, again and again.”

- Emma Restall Orr

This festival, known as Imbolc or Oimelc, or, in Wales, Gwyl Mair, falls on the second day of February. To Christians, this day is Candlemas and in secular modern America, it’s Groundhog Day. “Gwyl Mair” means “Feast of Mary” in Welsh. Mary is an expression of the Goddess in Christian terms and this day has associations with new motherhood. Its Irish name, Imbolc, means “ewe’s milk.” It is sometimes translated as “in the belly,” which Kondratiev considers a folk etymology. Both are appropriate names for this time. We have used the term “in the belly of the whale” in our discussions about this time, and this feeling of being deep within the dark, held within, capture the essence of the time.

Gwyl Mair’s association with milk and pregnancy also relates to the lactation of ewes, which begins at this time. In the British Isles, sheep begin lambing in February, and Imbolc would have been the time when it became apparent that this new life was immanent. Kondratiev says that the lactation of ewes begins a month before lambing, and that this is a small, subtle sign of the returning spring. I see this idea in other sources as well. A veterinarian in the Sisterhood set us straight on this one, though I already had my doubts. It’s impossible that ewes would lactate so far before lambing, and the very earliest lambs would arrive in February. I suspect Kondratiev misinterpreted a source and this idea of early lactation got passed around as something that sounded sort of plausible to people who have never actually spent any time around breeding animals. By Imbolc the ewes would be big and round, and I think the image of pregnancy and expectation is more appropriate to the season.

The goddess most often associated with this time is Brighid. It is her symbolism that one finds most often in Pagan practices on this day. In Ireland, it is the feast day of St. Brigit. While St. Brigit is a Catholic saint, her iconography indicates that she is can be seen as a newer expression of the old goddess Brighid. According to Kondratiev, there are two themes to this festival: the reawakening of the land and the beginning of a new agricultural cycle. To mark this, Brighid was called to bless and purify the tools of agriculture and the land itself. An equal-armed cross was woven from wheat as a symbol of the four seasons and Brighid‘s blessing. These crosses were hung as protective talismans against fire and lightning. Dolls were woven from wheat or other grains to represent the Goddess. These were laid in baskets and blessed in an Imbolc ceremony.

Brighid is often described as a fire goddess. She is also the goddess of wells and springs, crossroads and midwifery. Her association with wells, crossroads and childbirth mark her as a liminal goddess, a goddess of boundaries. These types of goddesses (of which Ceridwen is also one) assist at times of transition. When things begin to change, a goddess like Brighid or Ceridwen is there to give aid. Gwyl Mair is the moment when Winter begins to give way to Spring. Kondratiev describes this time as winter pregnant with spring. The Celts, he points out, saw the new day as beginning in the darkness at sunset; similarly, the spring begins while still in the dark of winter.

Even Christian tradition has it as a day for looking to the returning light; as Candlemas, it is the day that the candles to be used in the upcoming year are blessed. In Wiccan practice, it is a time for reawakening the Goddess, who is said to clumber underground as the growing light of the God begins to awaken her. They also associate Imbolc with lactation, as it is the time when the Goddess nurses the child that she bore at Yule. It is a time for initiations, for declaring the work that is to be done.

This is also a time for divination for the coming agricultural cycle. In Scotland, snakes were said to come out of their holes. If the snake returned to its hole, then winter would continue; if it stayed out, then a thaw was coming. In Ireland a hedgehog was the animal harbinger, and in America we have the groundhog. All of these are animals that sleep within the earth during winter and only emerge with the spring. It is the time for these animals to stir and begin to awaken, just as the land begins to stir and awaken at this time. It is also time to bless the tools of agriculture. Imbolc marked the first day of ploughing in some places and ploughs were decorated or blessed with whiskey.

Imbolc is also a time for purification. It’s when spring cleaning starts, when we start to move out of our winter lethargy and into the new energy of spring. Dianne Sylvan describes it as the moment when our space has been cleaned and dusted, but before we have decided what to do with our newly clean place. It’s not time yet to do the work; it is time to prepare for the work, just as blessing the ploughs prepares for the work of planting and blessing the candles prepares the church for a new year of ceremony.

Those of us who garden know that this is the time when seed catalogs start to arrive. It’s too early to plant, but it’s not too early to plan, and now is when we go through those pages and pick out the plants we want to nurture in the coming growing season. It’s a time to take stock of what we already have as we prepare for the new. It’s correct that these come now in terms of the growing season, and the same energy that motivates us to peruse these catalogs and make plans is the energy that pushes out the first crocuses and snowdrops.

Here we look within and steadfastly face that which has been in shadow. It is a time for stillness. Just as winter is a time for rest and contemplation, so Gwyl Mair is a time to hold still and look within.

References:

Blamires, Steve. Magic of the Celtic Otherworld. St. Paul, MN: Llewellyn, 2005.

Greer, John Michael. The Druidry Handbook: Spiritual Practice Rooted in the Living Earth. York Beach, ME: Weiser Books, 2006.

Hopman, Ellen Evert. A Druid’s Herbal for the Sacred Earth Year. Rochester, VT: Destiny Books, 1995.

Kondratiev, Alexei. The Apple Branch: A Path to Celtic Ritual. New York: Kensington Publishing, 2003.

Myers, Brendan Cathbad. The Mysteries of Druidry. Franklin Lakes, NJ: New Page Books, 2006.

Orr, Emma Restall. Spirits of the Sacred Grove: The World of a Druid Priestess. London: Thorson, 1998.

Sylvan, Dianne. The Circle Within. St. Paul, MN: Llewellyn, 2005.

Telyndru, Jhenah. Avalon Within: Inner Sovereignty and Personal Transformation through the Avalonian Mysteries. BookSurge, 2004.

Images:

Sheep. Candlelight, starlight. The light returning, the pale light that comes before dawn. Milk. Running sap. Corn dollies. “Brighid’s Cross” Snowdrops, crocuses. Quiet. Dark. Still. Reawakening. Purification. Cleansing, Awakening the Goddess.

note - this is an edited version of a paper I wrote for the SoA’s Station of Confrontation. I took out most of the Avalon references - it’s too tradition-specific to be of interest to anyone outside of the Sisterhood, and I wanted to post something of more general interest here.

For the past few years, I’ve been part of a group that meets at each new moon for a ritual to honor Hekate and to ask her help in resolving a certain situation. That situation has not been resolving, so we did a tarot reading last month to ask what we needed to do differently - we wondered if we should just stop what we were doing or find a new way to do it. The answer we got back was clear. Keep doing what you’re doing, the cards said, but take it seriously. You can’t just wander up to Hekate once a month and ask a favor, and then ignore her for the rest of the month, they said. Practice some serious devotion instead.

I’ve been taking part in this group because I care about the issue we’re working on and I like doing ritual, not because I was looking for any particular relationship with Hekate. After that reading, I set up a little Hekate altar in my living room and have been saying a devotional prayer and lighting an incense and a candle for her each morning. Since I started doing this devotional thing, the energy in my life seems to have turned around. We were having a streak of extremely weird bad luck for the last few months and that seems to have stopped (knock on wood) and has been replaced, for this week at least, by weird good luck. Nothing dramatic, just enough to make a nice affirmation.

When we did our ceremony for this New Moon, we incorporated another tarot reading into the ceremony and got hit with one of those divinational two-by-fours, where things come out so precisely and improbably that you have to pay attention. It told us that the spirit was with us and that dramatic changes were to come. The whole thing has been very intense.

It’s also a little confusing. I am also reading Hekate Soteira by Sarah Iles Johnston. It’s an exploration of Hekate’s role as the world-soul in the Chaldean oracles. Johnston is a Classical scholar, not a neopagan, and it makes me happy as can be to read that sort of thing again. I’ve heard her talk a few times and always found her to have insightful things to say. I’m delighted to be going all neo-Platonic again, and making happy connections between Revival druid philosophy and late antiquity. I like reading this side-by-side with John Michael Greer’s latest, Druid Magic Handbook, because it’s always fun yo have my modern-day spiritual teacher says something in almost exactly the same way as Iamblichus did and each one is informing my understanding of the other. I thought, though, that when I took up Druidry I was leaving behind the whole Hellenic thing. I like those rough northern Celtic gods. I feel this personal, visceral, unnameable connection with them, something that is completely non-intellectual and below the surface. My connection with the Hellenic deities is much more intellectual and very thoroughly steeped (oh, how very steeped) in academia, while my Celtic connections are wild and passionate and illogical and free. I like wild passionate illogical freedom.

So can I be dedicated to Lugh and also to Hekate? I have this apprehension about mixing pantheons that I think is left over from spending time with insecure Wiccans who would label anyone who did that sort of things as “fluffy.” Even though I have since come to the conclusion that those who bother to use those kinds of labels are, well, kinda fluffy, I still have this feeling that looking to two different cultures like this is a sign of lack of discipline, lack of dedication, flightiness. Like I’m being too easily distracted by the Next Cool Thing.

So, I thought, Hekate and Cerridwen have a few things in common. Can I just call them the same thing and dedicate myself to Cerridwen instead? I have been working with her as part of my Avalonian studies lately, so it would be appropriate. I checked in with Hekate about that. She said, um, no. Not the same. Though she gave me this very cool image of Cerridwen as being a kind of emanation of Hekate, as an expression of a small part of her in one time and place. Emanations. Very neo-Platonic. But I found this confusing, too, since I think of Hekate as a Mediterranean deity. Why would she have an emanation in a Welsh folk-tale?

I went to Sarah Iles Johnston’s website to check out her CV and see what else she had worked on over the past few years and saw this quote at the top of her site:
“It is only by a somewhat severe mental effort that we realize the fact that there were no gods at all, that what we have to investigate are not so many actual facts and existences but only conceptions of the human mind that conceived them.”
Jane Ellen Harrison, Prolegomena

*Headsmack*. Right.

I don’t actually agree that there were (or are) no gods at all, but then I’m coming from a different place than Jane Ellen Harrison probably had in mind. It’s the last bit that got my attention: “What we have to investigate are not so many actual facts and existences but only conceptions of the human mind that conceived them.” I’m not reading about Hekate; I’m reading about Johnston’s interpretations of the ideas about Hekate conceived by philosophers of late antiquity. When I’m standing before my altar and praying, or engaged in ritual, or meditating, then I’m with Hekate, or at least some form of Her that my mind can comprehend. Wales or Greece or Anatolia or America or wherever are irrelevant to this process - others have seen her or thought of her or imagined her through the lens of their own cultures and described what they found there. I do believe that there is a deeper reality behind this, and that She stands there as Herself, but I don’t quite understand what this means. I never have, and anyone who has been reading this blog knows that I do not like to try to define the gods. It never works and I am still going to try to avoid that, and I’m still not clear on how Hekate and Cerridwen are related or whether she and Lugh would actually get along. I mean, the Gauls were barbarians, after all; they sacked Delphi. Though, as Lugh reminded me in a different context, these are not humans we are talking about. Mythology is not a soap opera and relations between deities cannot be judged on those terms.

The fact is that I live in this time and place and culture. I am not an ancient Greek or a Celt, I’m an American. My culture is built on syncretism, so why should I be afraid to do a little of it myself? I am not one of those who pretends that I’m actually practicing an ancient religion. I know a little too much about ancient religions to believe that. What I do, I do because it works really well for me. It feels right and makes my life better and makes me a better person. I don’t actually have anything to prove or have any need to justify what works for me to anyone. I seem to be doing OK with following my heart, and my heart is leading me towards Hekate.

And, hey, I just figured out how to do Greek script in WordPress. You’re all in trouble now.

I do the “goals/accomplishments” thing on this blog all the time, and tonight seems like the time to look back and look ahead. My accomplishments, Druid-wise, for 2007 have been:

I became actively involved with a local Druid grove (yay Darach Dubh!) I have learned to knit fairly well, which is part of my “elective spiral” for the AODA. I have realized that this spiral will take some time to accomplish, since I decided that it would be done when I could raise and care for a sheep, shear it, spin its wool, and knit something useful from the wool. It will be at least another year and probably more before I am living anywhere that I can keep sheep. I can work on the knitting and spinning for now, though. I have begun to work with the Ogham as a divination tool. Like, I suspect, most divination systems, it keeps revealing deeper layers. I have learned how to do the entire AODA grove opening and closing ritual by heart, and I have also learned the same for the SoA solitary ritual. I can draw a labyrinth in the snow now. I took a big role in composing and performing a public ritual for Philadelphia Pagan Pride day. In 2006, I took part in the PPPD ritual and felt all wistful about not being part of a group that could do something like that. A year later, there I am in the middle of the circle looking at all those faces and helping to make it happen. Hooray for progress. I have done some intense personal work with the SoA and started what I hope will be a lifelong relationship with Rhiannon and Cerridwen, and I have made some great new virtual SoA friends. I have begun to learn about energy healing. I have read and learned a whole lot about the ancient Celts, Welsh and Irish mythology, and Revival druidry.

There have been some pretty huge bumps in my mundane life, mostly due to an ongoing unpleasant situation that my husband is involved in (which I have not and will not talk about here) and an illness in the family, and in some ways 2007 has been pretty miserable. However, it’s really been a great year for my spiritual path, and I have a good job, good health, good friends, a loving partner, a comfortable, safe home and secure access to really good food. There have been many years where I couldn’t say all that, and a few where I had almost none of those things, so all in all this has been a good year for me.

For 2008, I want to continue my Druid studies. I want to continue my involvement with Darach Dubh. I want to keep knitting and learn to spin. I keep trying to teach myself and it’s just not working, so I need to take a spinning class - a few of the yarn shops offer them and I want to take one in 2008. I am also going to start, as of January 1st, doing an Ogham reading every day and keeping a journal. I have kind of fallen off the wagon for the music spiral - I reached a point where what I really needed was regular lessons, and I can’t afford that right now. So I’m putting the music on hold for a bit, and switching to the Magic spiral. I’ve been reading JMG’s new book, “The Druid Magic Handbook,” (I can’t recommend this book highly enough!) and feeling inspired, so I want to work with that.

I am recommitting to daily practice. There are certain things that I want to do every day. Besides the Ogham reading, I want to do a morning devotional practice every single morning and an evening meditation practice every single night. I used to do this all the time but the past few months it just seems like I don’t get to it and there’s really no excuse for that. I am maintaining my SoA involvement and will finish the Gold Ray quest this year and start on the next one. I would really like to get to an SoA intensive weekend some time this year but that may not be possible, so it’s a wish, not a resolution. I am also going to walk to work every day, unless the weather is really extreme. I need the exercise and I need to get outside more, and walking saves me $70 a month in SEPTA fees, so there is no reason not to do it. I can also use the time for a morning walking meditation.

I also want to post a blog entry at least once a week. I would like to write more for an audience and less for myself. I’ll still keep doing my goals/accomplishments personal type posts, because those are really helpful for me, but I would also like to write things that other people would like to read and maybe get more people reading this. I need the writing practice. I also want to comment more on others’ blogs - I read plenty of them but I hardly ever comment, and I like the kind of warm pseudo-community feeling that happens with blog commenting. There are some blogs where the comments section is as interesting as the actual entries because the readers are that good. I think the comments I do get are from people who are that interesting, but I don’t do enough to inspire them, which means working harder at writing thoughtful posts. I don’t do enough of that.

Happy New Year to everyone. I hope 2008 is a happy, peaceful and prosperous year for us all.

I take part in a CSA. For those who don’t know the concept, CSA stands for “community supported agriculture.” I pay a farmer a lump sum at the beginning of the season, and every week I get a box of veggies. For the winter CSA I’m part of right now, I get veggies plus meat and cheese and eggs and honey and granola. I don’t get to decide what’s in the box; what I get is what the farmer has to offer. Since my farmer started supplementing the winter veggies with animal protein stuff, I barely have to shop for food at all. I can’t eat wheat and don’t really like most gluten-free breads, so the only grains I buy are rice and corn, which I get in bulk at the ethnic market. I don’t really have to use the grocery store for much of anything; I go to Trader Joe’s once a week or so for chocolate, coffee, milk and the occasional sundry item like peanut butter or those yummy GF toaster pancakes they have. Big supermarkets give me the creeps and I avoid them as much as possible. I’m very lucky that I don’t usually have to use them. I know most people are not that lucky, and while I really want to get out of the city, I dread the changes I’ll have to make in food choices. It’s strange to me that living closer to farmers leads to reduced access to fresh foods (Maebius talks about this from personal experience, and I’ve seen the same thing)

I eat mostly local organic food. Counting the money we already paid to the CSA, I spend maybe $250 a month to feed myself and my husband - I think that’s too much money and I could cut it down if I had to, but it’s not more than we can afford and we like luxury things like wine and chocolate. I like them too but could do without. If it was just me, I think I could feed myself an almost totally organic diet for about $40 a week.

I love my CSA. Some people might find it inconvenient to not be able to choose exactly what food they will have in the house from week to week, but I enjoy the challenge. We’re getting a dozen eggs a week right now, and that’s way more eggs than we can eat. This week I turned them all into pickled eggs, which keep for months. I’m learning about how to freeze eggs and will probably separate and freeze all of next week’s eggs. When the flood of eggs slows down - and it will - I should have plenty of eggs put aside for the future. I’ll also have learned about ways to keep eggs (anyone have any suggestions besides pickling or freezing?)

A CSA from a few years ago taught me to learn to like eggplant. I never used to like it at all. My CSA at the time started giving us a whole lot of eggplant, and I was left with no choice but to eat it, like it or not. So I experimented and read up on eggplant and came up with a few recipes that I liked. Now I occasionally get eggplant from the farmer’s market on purpose when it’s in season. I never would have bothered learning if I hadn’t been pushed into it. I know what to do with an inexpensive and easy to grow vegetable. It’s like having an expanding vocabulary.

Sharon of Casaubon’s Book has a post today about food that I found intriguing. She takes some “quick easy” recipes and actually makes them from scratch rather than with pre-made supermarket ingredients and finds, predictably, that these things are not actually quick and easy at all. Her point is that most of us don’t know how to prepare food; most “cooking” that we do actually involves combining one sort of prepared food with another. Aaron of Powering Down laments the same sort of thing - the idea that the way to feed people well is to give them more access to processed food that has been trucked in from elsewhere, rather than teaching them how to grow, cook and preserve for themselves.

There seems to be some kind of willful ignorance involved - saying “I’ve never eaten a turnip” or “I don’t know how to cook brown rice” with any kind of pride sounds the same to me as saying “I’ve never read a book.” It’s OK with me if you don’t really like turnips and will only eat them under duress, or if you had some bad experience with a turnip early in life and just can’t face them anymore. These things happen. It’s not OK if you refuse to even try eating the turnip because it didn’t come in a package or you are unfamiliar with the concept of produce. (The “you” here is in no way meant to implicate my readers in this kind of activity - it’s a completely hypothetical “you” constructed as a target aka a “straw man.” No need to leave defensive comments; I’m not actually talking about you. Unless you are “that guy.” Then I do mean you.)

It’s sad not just for the economic, environmental and nutritional costs as discussed by those other bloggers, but also for aesthetic and spiritual reasons. Cooking and eating should be an opportunity for intimate connection with the environment. If the Earth is divine, then food is direct link to the divine.We take other lives so that our lives can be nourished, and in our turn our own bodies will nourish others. We are part of the Earth and the Earth is part of us. When we are so far from our food supply that we can’t even say for sure what country our food was grown in (think to your last meal - do you know where all the ingredients came from? I don’t, and this is stuff I really try to do.) we are literally cut off from our most direct link to the Gods.

Since this is a post about food, here are a few recipes. I don’t really do “recipes” but what’s below describes how I cook. It was hard to write the chicken-soup recipe because I’m trying to write how to make chicken soup in a general sense, rather than describing a specific instance of soup making. It’s hard because I almost never make the same thing twice.

Curried Squash and Wild Rice Soup

One large butternut squash, peeled, seeded and cubed (roast the seeds with olive oil, sea salt, and sesame and munch while doing the rest of this. Yum. I love that winter squash comes with its own appetizer)

Two medium potatoes, cubed

Two small apples, peeled, cored and cubed

Lots of curry powder (I think I wound up using about a quarter of a cup, but I wasn’t measuring - I just kept adding until it tasted right) and a little bit of salt.

Enough water (covering everything enough that it can all move around while simmering, but not so much that it’s too watery). I would have used chicken stock but I’m currently out. Might be time to make more.

One can of coconut milk

About two cups of cooked wild rice.

Cook the wild rice separately. Bring the squash, potatoes and apples to a boil, then lower the heat and simmer. Add curry powder and salt. Simmer until everything is soft. Add the coconut milk. Use a hand blender and blend until smooth. Stir in the cooked wild rice. Eat.

This made a lot of soup because the squash was ginormous. If it had been a smaller squash I probably would have made some different choices. Actually, I probably would have roasted the squash and made some sort of stuffing with the wild rice, potatoes and apples instead of going in the soup direction. Anyone who can read can follow a recipe; you’re a cook when you know how to make something tasty based on what’s there.

How to Make Chicken Soup

1. Decide that you want chicken soup sometime in the near future. I like to do this on a Sunday afternoon so that I can take my time and enjoy it, and it gives me plenty of things to base a quick meal on later in the week.

2. Make a choice - do you want a) just chicken soup or b) several chicken-based meals?

1. If a., go to your local organic poultry guy and buy a few pounds of chicken backs and breastbones. Ask him to throw in a foot or two. This will cost maybe $2-$3. The Jewish grandma behind you in line will beam at you, because it will be obvious to her that you are going to make real chicken stock.

2. If b., go to your local organic poultry guy (or your backyard, if you are that guy, but then you probably don’t need me to tell you how to make soup) and select an appropriate bird. This will cost more. You will get less stock but more meat.

3. If you got a whole bird, cut it up and put the breasts, thighs and legs in the freezer (Google “how to cut up a chicken” if you do not know how to cut up a chicken or can’t figure it out for yourself. It’s not that hard as long as you have a good knife.) Make something else out of them later; they can be stretched for a several meals if you’re careful. One chicken a month can give us one chicken meal a week, which is all we really want anyway. Save the back, breastbone, wings, and neck for the soup. The giblets can go in too, if you like that sort of thing, or you can feed them to your cats. Innards are really good for cats.

4. Get out your big stockpot. Put your chicken bits (including the feet, if you have them) in the stockpot and cover with a whole lot of water - maybe 12 cups. Or more. Depends on how much chicken you have. If you got chicken bits from the butcher you can use much more water and freeze the extra stock. Leftover bits from one chicken make less stock and are really only enough for one batch of soup.

5. Turn on the heat under the pot. Add some salt and whatever spices you happen to like for the soup you have in mind. Go through your fridge for older-looking veggies, like that rubbery carrot that you meant to use but didn’t, or a lonely carrot, or some celery. Don’t use cruciferous vegetables like broccoli or cabbage - the long cooking time will make your stock taste sulferish. If you want these in your soup, add them later. Cut up the veggies and throw them in the pot. Peel five or ten or more cloves of garlic and add them, too. Put a lid on it. Once it all starts to boil, turn the heat down as low as it can go and simmer, covered, for a long time. A few hours at least. Your house will smell delicious.

6. Strain out the stock. Put the strained-out detritus in a bowl, leave the stock in the pot, and let it cool.

7. After it’s cooled for a while, decide how much you will need for your soup. If you’re going to use it all, let it cool even more until the fat floats to the top and skim it off. There are various uses for chicken fat (ask that Jewish grandma you met at the poultry shop) but I’ll leave that up to you. If you are not going to use it all, pour the extra into jars and freeze. Some people will tell you to skim the fat off the jars before freezing. Ignore those people. The congealed fat will form a layer that helps preserve the stock and keep it tasty. Skim the fat off only when you’re ready to use the stock.

8. Pick through the solids that you strained out - there will be chicken meat clinging to the bones. Pick out all the chicken meat and put it back in the soup stock. Compost the rest.* Prep your other soup ingredients. Soup is great for using up leftovers. Leftover rice? A baked potato? Into the pot. Add whatever veggies are in season - you used the old ones for the stock, but you should use some nicer ones for the actual soup. Peas and greens are nice in the springtime. Turnips and carrots are great in winter soups.

9. Cook it until it’s done. If some things have different cooking times, add them sooner or later (so if you’re using a turnip and some cooked rice, add the turnip early and the rice very late).

* I know they tell you not to compost meat scraps, and they are usually right, but cooked chicken bones do break down and will add nutrients to your soil. Just make sure to bury them deep in the pile so you don’t smell them.


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